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  Chapter 6                      Interfaces   6.1 Introduction  6.2. Defining and Implementing Interfaces   6.3. Advantages of using Interface    6.1 Introduction   An interface in Java is a collection of abstract methods. It provides a way to achieve abstraction and multiple inheritance in Java. An interface is a blueprint for a class and allows the definition of methods without specifying the implementation. Classes implementing an interface must provide concrete implementations for all its methods.   Syntax   interface MyInterface{ {      // Declare methods (implicitly public and abstract)      void method1();      void method2(); }   Explanation   An interface is declared using the interface keyword.  Methods declared in the interface ar...

  Chapter No 5                               Object Oriented Programming   5.1. Inheritance  5.2. Polymorphism   5.3. Encapsulation    5.1 Inheritance   Inheritance is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that allows a class (subclass/derived class) to inherit properties and behaviors from another class (superclass/base class).  Constructor cannot be inherited in Java.  Private members do not get inherited in Java.  Cyclic inheritance is not permitted in Java.  Assign parent reference to child objects.  Constructors get executed because of super() present in the constructor.   This promotes code reusability and establishes a hierarchical relationship between classes.  Syntax:   class Superclass {      // superclass members  }...

  Chapter No 3 ⦁ Semantic Data Model ⦁ Relational Model ⦁ Database Models and Internet Semantic Data Model: "A semantic data model is a method of organizing data in a logical and meaningful way. " It provides a conceptual representation of data and the relationships between them, adding a layer of semantic information that gives data a basic meaning. Key Elements: 1.    - Entities: Represent objects or concepts (e.g., Person, Product). 2.    - Attributes: Characteristics or properties of entities. 3.    - Relationships: Connections between entities, defining associations through the foreign key. A semantic data model describes data about its real-world interpretation and usage.  For example, the object "Person" can be generalized to include "Employee," "Applicant," and "Customer," and is related to "Project" and "Task." A person can own multiple projects, and a specific task can be associated with differe...